Carrying out geodetic work and developing an executive diagram of the pit


Task Description
Site Survey Measure and record the location and size of the pit.
Data Analysis Analyze survey data to determine exact pit dimensions and boundaries.
Geodetic Mapping Create a detailed map showing the pit’s position and its relation to other structures.
Executive Diagram Develop a precise diagram based on survey data for construction or renovation use.
Review Check the diagram and survey results for accuracy before starting construction.

Who is doing the work?

A specialized geodetic company must be contacted in order to place an order. Experts carry out computations, possess the required tools, and are duly accredited.

Drawings are created by surveyors for the following items:

  • multi-storey residential buildings;
  • office buildings;
  • public facilities;
  • production facilities.

An essential step in producing construction technical documentation is creating the as-built diagram. With the help of a specialized company, precise geodetic surveys can be obtained. A final document is being prepared based on its data.

The future locations of the utility networks and foundation are determined by experts based on deviations of the pit bottom marks. A variation of no more than 5 cm in either direction is allowed. In the event that a significant deviation is found, the error can be quickly fixed without incurring large expenses.

Why is such work necessary during construction??

You can precisely ascertain the contour coverage on both the inner and outer sides of the pit by using an as-built survey. It also determines the depth of the bottom and the evenness of the axes. Because the work is done in two stages, we can verify the precision and caliber of the earthworks.

The steps listed below are as follows:

Before removing the first layer of soil Work is carried out before the start of all earthworks. Topographic plans are being developed and axes are being drawn.
After completion of marking and excavation work Estimation and control of excavation is ensured, compliance with the original design is clarified.

The work is completed in compliance with GOST R 51872-2002 guidelines. Both the contractor and the client exercise control.

What work is needed?

It’s critical to approach the phase of geodetic work preparation responsibly. To get accurate data, specialists visit the site and review the documentation.

The work is done using measuring tools, such as tacheometers.

You can adjust the necessary distances between the building’s main axes and the pit’s lower contour using the equipment. One uses a level or sights for geodetic control.

The following steps are included in the standard list of works:

Preliminary preparation The customer submits an application with a package of documents, including working design documentation. This allows you to determine the need for accurate surveying, select measuring equipment, and dispatch the required number of specialists.
Field work A survey justification network is created with reference to the construction grid. Specialists carry out horizontal survey of excavation elements. A vertical survey of the edges and bottom from the high-altitude justification points is being prepared.
Building a circuit An executive scheme is being prepared. The obtained measurement data is checked. After this, graphical construction is performed.

Consequently, based on the demands of the client and the volume of work needed, a set of documents is generated.

The standard kit consists of:

  • excavation work log;
  • general work log;
  • geodetic as-built diagram of the pit indicating the dimensions and elevations;
  • test reports of prepared bases;
  • certificates of inspection of hidden work on removing the top layer of soil, manual and mechanized development, foundation construction, backfilling of the pit, compaction of the subgrade, consolidation of the soil;
  • laboratory report on soil parameters;
  • quality certificates for designs, products, materials;
  • results of assessment of compliance with sanitary, hygienic and fire standards;
  • Working drawings and schemes.

You can complete tasks correctly if you have the entire set of documents. There is consideration for the calculations. Having ready documentation makes it easier to operate the building without encountering any more problems.

Checking geodetic data on working drawings

Precisely defining the future structure’s parameters is essential. The work is completed in compliance with the most recent construction standards and regulations. A certain foundation should be appropriate for the pit. Factors such as soil parameters, bearing capacity, and groundwater presence are considered.

Reliability information is verified by experts. Working drawings and preliminary design documentation are supplied for this. More information is requested if needed.

The initial phase is among the most crucial. It enables you to find the project’s flaws and errors. It is crucial to perform a thorough inspection prior to beginning work. In this instance, modifications can be made for the building’s future construction with little expense or difficulty.

Laying out and fixing contours on the ground

After the contours are broken down and secured, they are based on the working drawings. The building’s dimensions and axes are indicated. This lets you figure out how the pit’s contours relate to these axes.

The instruments and methods listed below are used to identify them:

  • corner serifs;
  • measurements;
  • using a theodolite, metal tape measure or measuring tape.

The eyebrow’s upper and lower features are set in stone. They are placed outside and marked with signage.

A large-scale profile is created. It is prepared both horizontally and vertically.

Installation of cast-off and sight for depth control

To ensure proper excavation control and to bring the pit’s depth down to the design bottom level, sights or levels are employed. Horizontal strip-shaped sights are fastened to the cast-off posts with nails. Setting them up at the same height is crucial. The level is typically one meter above the zero line.

The punk has signed the reticle mark. At the bottom is a running or portable sight installed in the shape of a rack. This gives you the ability to decide how the soil is chosen. A rope is drawn between the closest planks. The soil has not yet been fully chosen if the line on the portable sight is higher.

Excavation control

It is crucial to draw in experts who will keep an eye on the work’s advancement. The pit is only made within the necessary bounds in this particular instance. Current regulations serve as the basis for the implementation of control measures.

The parameters listed below are defined:

  • deviation of the bottom marks of excavations in areas where the foundation will be built;
  • deviations from the design bottom slope within 5 cm;
  • deviations of the slope of the planned surface from the design documentation within 1 cm;
  • deviation of marks in rocky soils from -20 to +10 cm, in non-rocky soils within +/-5 cm.

It is required to use geodetic control when developing a pit. This enables you to immediately correct employees and prevent major infractions. When digging a pit, the soil volume is calculated and the upper and lower contours are divided.

Checking the planned position of the pit, as-built survey and drawing up a diagram

Construction equipment is used to monitor adherence to the proper contour geometry during the excavation process. Here, consideration is given to both the horizontal position and the altitude.

The building’s main or external axes are used to control the intended position. The alignments are fastened and hung along the axes at the bottom of the pit.

Construction workers’ technological pass distances are taken into consideration. As a result, performing installation work becomes simpler and less complicated. The foundation and walls must be arranged with this space in between.

The next step involves preparing the as-built survey and carrying out geometric control.

The following are the primary parameters that surveyors use:

  • vertical planes and horizontal surfaces;
  • altitude deviations;
  • surface slopes;
  • planned position of the design axes of structural elements.

Executive photography is done in accordance with fundamental guidelines. It enables you to ascertain the pit space’s true geometry. Setting up the pit is the most crucial part of the preliminary work.

It needs to have reinforced walls and a bottom in accordance with the design documentation. Snow and groundwater shouldn’t build up inside at the same time. You will only be able to secure a dependable workspace in this situation.

The accuracy of the survey determines the long-term stability, precision, and safety of any future construction. Processing and supplying system data on seabed conditions are steps in the process. Altitude variations from design elevations are shown in this instance.

An executive diagram is created using the data that was collected. It has intricate drawings with precise measurements. A 5 cm deviation from the specified requirements is acceptable. The work needs to be redone if the indicator is exceeded.

The following information is given careful consideration:

  • slope steepness;
  • design and actual dimensions of the pit;
  • upper edge mark;
  • total volume of excavated soil.

Various placement options are employed in order to distinguish between planned data and actual indicators. The design dimensions are shown at the bottom, and the actual dimensions are shown above the lines.

There is a table in front of the diagram that contains the following data:

  • object number and code;
  • name of the property;
  • construction stage;
  • name of the organization that compiled the documentation.

There are also notes and more information on the status of the construction. This enables you to consider the unique qualities of a specific object as well as the situation as a whole.

An example of an as-built pit excavation diagram is as follows:

The main difficulties in drafting a document

It is recommended that the executive plan be prepared in collaboration with seasoned surveyors who have handled challenging cases before. We are only able to guarantee the absence of errors in this scenario. It’s critical that the angular and linear dimensions, coordinate values, bindings, and object distances are all shown accurately in the diagram.

You need to adhere to several guidelines in order to prevent frequent errors:

  • the work is carried out by specialists from a geodetic company;
  • requires accurate and varied measuring equipment;
  • a precise work plan and sequence of actions are drawn up;
  • the executive diagram is prepared after cleaning the bottom;
  • the internal contour, bottom marks, position of the axes must be determined.

The primary errors have to do with measurement precision. The final document must be formatted correctly. He needs to accurately communicate the contractor’s and the customer’s details. The plan will need to be redone if not.

Cost of services and what it depends on

The parameters and complexity of the pit are just two of the variables that affect how much money is needed to prepare the scheme. The intricacy and effectiveness of the task are considered. First design documentation is required at this stage.

The number of units, structural components, and material volume are specified by the specialist. The price is then established.

The average cost of labor starts at 16,000 rubles. This considers the full list of tasks, document preparation, and the urgency of completing the order. The tools and technology required for measurements are available.

Any construction project needs proper geodetic work because it creates the foundation for precise and effective development. We make sure that every part of the project stays exactly in line with the intended design by carefully planning out the construction site, including any pits or excavations. This focus on detail helps to prevent future delays and expensive mistakes.

A crucial step in this process is creating an executive diagram of the pit. This schematic acts as a thorough plan that directs the excavation process, guaranteeing that it complies with all requirements. It helps construction teams complete their work precisely by giving a clear visual depiction of the pit’s size and layout.

Using these techniques improves overall efficiency and safety while also streamlining the construction process. A solid foundation for a successful project is established by devoting sufficient time to accurately performing geodetic work and producing a thorough pit diagram. In the end, these meticulous preparations result in more streamlined processes and a more dependable outcome.

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