It’s simple to concentrate on the components that are visible when designing a new fence for your property: the panels, posts, and gates. But what’s underneath the fence matters just as much. The stability and longevity of your fence are greatly influenced by its foundation. Comprehending the steps involved in building a strong foundation can ultimately save you money, effort, and headaches.
The kind of soil in your yard should be taken into account first. The properties of drainage and stability vary amongst soil types. For instance, clay soil can retain water, which could cause instability, whereas sandy soil drains quickly but might not offer enough support. Understanding the type of soil you have will help you choose the most effective way to secure your fence posts.
Next, think about the local weather and climate. Soil can expand and contract in areas that receive a lot of rain or freeze, which can compromise the stability of your fence. Utilizing the appropriate tools and methods is crucial to mitigating these impacts and guaranteeing that your fence stays sturdy and safe all year round.
The post holes’ width and depth are another important consideration. For proper support, post holes typically need to be at least one-third the height of the fence. Furthermore, anchoring the fence in place with concrete can help stop it from shifting and leaning over time.
Finally, remember how crucial it is to have adequate drainage around your fence. Water collecting around posts can cause rust and rot, which will shorten your fence’s life. Water can be kept out by installing gravel or other drainage solutions, which will help your fence’s structural integrity last for many years.
Issue | Solution |
---|---|
Weeds Growing | Apply a weed barrier cloth and cover with mulch to prevent weed growth under the fence. |
Erosion | Use landscaping rocks or plants with strong roots to stabilize the soil under the fence. |
Animals Digging | Install a wire mesh or chicken wire at the base of the fence to deter animals from digging underneath. |
Gaps for Privacy | Plant shrubs or install privacy panels to close gaps and increase privacy. |
Water Drainage | Create a slight slope away from the fence to ensure proper water drainage and avoid water pooling. |
- For which fences is a strip foundation used??
- Drawings and diagrams
- Types of foundation tape
- Do-it-yourself pouring technology: step-by-step instructions
- Calculations and determination of tape size
- Marking
- Excavation
- Formwork
- Reinforcement
- Concreting and hardening
- Stripping and waterproofing
- Finishing work
- Features of construction
- How to do it right on a slope?
- With brick pillars
- From corrugated sheets
- Construction cost
- Possible errors and tips for construction
- Video on the topic
- The foundation for the fence is ready…
- 8X8. 2nd division. Round 6. FENCE – SOUTHWEST
- Installing fence posts
- WHAT TO POUR A FOUNDATION UNDER A FENCE
- We make the fence ourselves. Pouring concrete tape.
For which fences is a strip foundation used??
When a sturdy foundation is required, a strip foundation is utilized and it should be placed beneath heavier fences.
Fencing types:
- brick;
- forged;
- stone;
- gabion;
- profiled sheet;
- solid wood;
- concrete.
In situations where installing a deep columnar foundation is not feasible, the strip foundation option may be appropriate. A non-buried tape is used in hard soil, and a buried tape is used in weak soil.
Among the benefits are:
- high strength even with small depth;
- increased resistance to mechanical loads and environmental impacts, including wind;
- the service life of the fence is increased by several decades due to the formation of a solid base;
- if necessary, you can strengthen the foundation structure using additional pipes or metal corners;
- it is possible to carry out cladding, which gives a more aesthetic appearance to the fence.
Among the drawbacks are the intricacy of the task and rising material expenses. There are situations when installing a fence calls for specialized tools.
Strict adherence to the work order is another important detail, as any error may result in a deterioration of the foundation’s properties and a shorter service life. All aspects are considered before work starts, and a foundation plan is created using diagrams and drawings.
Drawings and diagrams
All of the fundamental information regarding the foundation and fence is taken into consideration during the preliminary stage of calculations and drawing creation. Every kind of fence has its own unique drawing made for it. For instance:
All sizes and materials used are shown in the diagrams:
Locations with reinforced foundations that use reinforcement or comparable techniques should also be considered.
Types of foundation tape
The tape may be monolithic or prefabricated. The latter choice, which is reserved for large constructions, is regarded as a solid base.
Compared to a prefabricated base, a monolithic or one-piece structure can support a larger weight, but it also requires more money and experience.
The prefabricated tape is made up of discrete stone blocks, either man-made or organic. Although the installation procedure is straightforward, it must still meet the strength and moisture resistance standards.
Depending on the components utilized, the foundation is separated into:
- brick,
- reinforced concrete,
- rubble concrete,
- soil-cement,
- stone.
The primary classification of the tape into different types is based on its depth. Every option is applicable under specific circumstances. Types:
- Recessed foundation. Installed at a depth below 1 meter from the ground freezing level. The higher the looseness of the soil, the lower the tape needs to be buried, since the load-bearing capacity, as well as the stability of the structure, will depend on this. Used for a massive fence made of bricks, concrete, stones or with forged elements.
- Shallow. Can be used with good soil stability. Construction takes place 50 cm below the freezing level of the soil layer. This version of the tape is suitable for a high fence using corrugated sheets, euro picket fences, siding or wooden boards. Posts can be pipe, concrete or screw.
- Non-buried. With this design, the support is installed on the ground surface. The specified base option is used on sandy soil when arranging a small fence that does not have large mass and height parameters. The difference between the foundation is the absence of exposure to frosty soil heaving. Overall width parameters depend on the weight of the fence. The greater the weight, the wider it is necessary to make a trench under the base. The standard value will be 0.40 m.
There are selection criteria for every tape option. An illustration would be the placement of a shallow belt for a lightweight, profiled metal barrier structure on stable or slightly heaving soil.
Prioritizing the key elements that determine the kind of base to be used is necessary at this early stage. Among them are:
- the nature of the fence design, its features and all requirements – an example would be the need to strengthen the base in several places due to secondary factors, including the presence of laid pipes or other communications;
- the mass of the fence and its individual elements, including supporting or decorative ones;
- load indicators on support type pillars;
- nature of the soil;
- freezing depth of the soil layer;
- relief and landscape features of the area – this includes the presence of slopes, unevenness and similar factors;
- the presence of nearby layers of water or reservoirs – this will affect the possibility of soil erosion, which will require increasing the stability of the structure;
- financial and labor costs.
In the latter scenario, a calculation is made to determine whether a specific kind of foundation is feasible. An illustration would be the lack of requirement for a small fence mass, stable soil, and a subterranean monolithic foundation.
Do-it-yourself pouring technology: step-by-step instructions
A number of mandatory steps are included in the standard step-by-step instructions for equipping the strip foundation.
The foundation will be constructed with violations if the order or several rules are not followed, which will reduce the foundation’s strength and durability.
It is possible to achieve good stability and load-bearing characteristics by properly forming the belt. Important indicators will be below the necessary values if the conditions are not satisfied or if preliminary calculations are done incorrectly, which will have a detrimental effect on the fence’s quality.
Calculations and determination of tape size
It will be necessary to perform the necessary computations at the work process preparation stage in order to determine the overall dimensions and type of foundation.
For this, there are two possibilities. The first is thought to involve using an automated technique. Numerous specialized programs are available to calculate any data.
These kinds of programs can be found on building resources. You must enter basic parameters like soil type and fence material to get the type of foundation and its dimensions.
The second method of calculation would be to compute load-bearing capacity using specific formulas. The wider the base that is needed, the heavier the fence and the lower the coefficient of soil resistance.
Furthermore, consideration must be given to all SNiP standards. Since there are variables related to soil type, fence materials, and foundation type, the tape’s specifications will vary depending on each unique situation.
Plotting of all dimensions and data is required for the drawing, which will serve as the foundation for future planning and territory marking. Remember that most of the features of the future fence are decided upon during the marking and calculation phase of preparation.
Marking
The diagram, which is based on computations, is followed in applying the markings. Stakes, a measuring tape, and rope or fishing line are needed for this. Every point is set.
When marking, they make an internal indent from the marking to the area and verify all the data that was entered into the drawing. This will enable you to dig the future trench and foundation location right away.
Excavation
Following the marking process, the area is cleaned and ready for the foundation to be formed through excavation work. The necessary width and depth are measured and a trench is prepared.
The trench’s bottom and walls are level. Next, a cushion made of a combination of crushed stone fragments in different sizes and sand is positioned on the bottom. The medium fraction of crushed stone is mostly used.
The cushion has been packed and moistened. The pillow is between 10 and 15 cm tall. The bottom of the cushion needs to have the first layer of waterproofing applied before the formwork and reinforcing frame are ready.
Formwork
Plywood panels or edged boards and beams are used for formwork. Boards are hammered into panels of the desired size when in use. When installing panels, the formwork’s height is modified. Ten centimeters should separate them from the base.
Shield installation is done with consideration for the flat side’s inward location. Additionally, roofing felt is applied to the panels to stop the concrete from leaking during pouring. The formwork is supported on its exterior.
Reinforcement
There are longitudinal and transverse components in the reinforced frame. The longitudinal material should be ribbed on the surface and have a thickness of 10–12 mm. The transverse element’s thickness typically doesn’t go above 8 mm.
Thicker metal rods are used because the fence has more mass. The completed frame is then placed in the trench after the cut metal components are knitted together.
Go here to learn more about strengthening the strip foundation.
Concreting and hardening
A pre-made concrete mixture is mixed in a concrete mixer using a 3 to 5 ratio of sand, finely crushed stone, and cement. Water must be added, and the mixture must be stirred until it is smooth and has the required plasticity.
Pouring is done while keeping in mind several guidelines:
- The feed is carried out evenly and continuously;
- Vibration devices are used to increase density;
- After the filling is completed, the surface is aligned.
You must wait for the process to finish completely before continuing. This time frame is dependent on the mixture’s composition and the surrounding conditions. Concrete typically reaches its maximum strength after 28 days.
Stripping and waterproofing
The formwork needs to be stripped once the concrete has fully set. After that, more waterproofing is done, which helps to prevent moisture from penetrating to the final base.
Finishing work
Following the formwork’s removal, the foundation is treated with unique solutions to improve its defense against moisture and other harmful elements.
It is also possible to clad the foundation base, but this will need to wait for the protective compounds that were applied after stripping to dry.
Features of construction
Certain issues might come up in each unique situation as a result of outside influences. It will be necessary in this instance to consider several nuances and extra steps.
How to do it right on a slope?
The work process is complicated by the uneven terrain that the barrier will pass through. There are two choices.
Backfilling and leveling the slope is the first step, but this can be a labor-intensive procedure. A stepped foundation is utilized as a result.
There is only one tape, and under each span, its thickness varies. By using this technique, a solid foundation for the structure will be created.
Installing a fence with a slope angle equal to the slope is possible with a small slope. In this case, concrete is placed in segments along defined lines.
With brick pillars
Because brick pillars are heavy, the foundation base needs to be enlarged. This option additionally accounts for the fact that the necessary trench depth is below the freezing point of the soil.
In order to guarantee uniformity and boost the load-bearing capacity, the base of the pillar is buried with the main tape. Go here to read more.
From corrugated sheets
It will be necessary to install pillars before laying the reinforcement frame when using corrugated sheeting. At a depth of 0.8 to 1.2 meters, the pillars are spaced every 1-2 meters.
Prior to pouring concrete, pillars must be installed and covered with a cushion to secure their position.
Find out more about building a fence on a strip foundation using corrugated sheets here.
Construction cost
A foundation’s construction cost is determined by several factors. Among them are:
- foundation type;
- materials used;
- required load-bearing capacity and stability – the higher the required indicators, the higher the costs will be;
- attracting specialists and special equipment.
The necessity to develop in uneven terrain is one example of an external factor that could affect the cost. Another crucial factor is the kind of soil. For instance, higher expenses might result from poor soil resistance or the presence of an aquifer close by.
A calculator can be used to determine the cost on building sites. 600 rubles is the average cost per linear meter. See this article for further details on the price and its calculations.
"Under the Fence" delves into the ground beneath fences, an often-ignored but vital component of fencing projects. This article explores the reasons why proper groundwork is necessary for a stable and long-lasting fence, going over how foundation, drainage, and soil type can affect your fence’s longevity and effectiveness. Whether you’re working with uneven ground or possible erosion, knowing what’s underneath can help you avoid problems later on and make sure your fencing solution is long-lasting. This guide is intended to assist builders and homeowners in completing a successful fencing project. It includes everything from helpful pointers on site preparation to guidance on selecting the appropriate materials.
Possible errors and tips for construction
Many errors are made when forming the foundation, which lowers the strip base’s quality. You must abide by the following guidelines in order to rule out potential issues:
- Even with a small fence mass, the depth should not be less than 50 cm, since a shallowly buried tape will be exposed to soil when heaving.
- If there are slopes or ditches, as well as other negative factors, install a powerful foundation that will be stable.
- You should not skimp on the quality of materials, in particular this applies to concrete, as this will reduce the strength of the tape.
- Covers are installed on metal tubular posts that eliminate the possibility of moisture getting inside.
- The pillow requires mandatory compaction.
- The pillars are tied to the metal frame before pouring.
- Waterproofing is mandatory, including when installing pillars.
Concrete shouldn’t be poured into the ground, so it’s also crucial that the formwork matches the level being poured. In this instance, the base becomes distorted and unfavorable.
One of the most important steps in ensuring the stability and longevity of your fencing project is building a foundation. You can build a solid foundation that will support your fence for many years by doing the necessary preparation work on the ground, selecting the appropriate materials, and adhering to best practices. Although this stage is frequently missed, it has a big impact on how resilient the fence is to weather conditions like wind, rain, and shifting soil.
Think about things like the type of soil, the climate, and the particular requirements of your project when choosing the materials for your fence foundation. Common choices with varying advantages are metal supports, gravel, and concrete. For example, gravel may be better suited for areas with adequate drainage, but concrete offers a sturdy and long-lasting base that makes it perfect for locations subject to strong winds.
The selection of materials is not as crucial as the correct installation methods. Make sure the posts are positioned correctly in terms of depth and spacing, and make sure they are level every time. It is possible to avoid future problems such as sagging or leaning by taking the time to precisely measure and position each component. If you have any doubts about any step of the procedure, you should also think about speaking with experts.
In the end, spending time and money on a well-built fence foundation will pay off with a structure that reliably fulfills its functional purpose and improves the appearance of your property. Your fence can be a symbol of fine craftsmanship and meticulous attention to detail with proper planning and execution. Building for security, privacy, or aesthetics notwithstanding, a solid foundation is essential to the project’s success.