What work is carried out before plastering the surface?? Wall preparation technology

Plastering walls is an essential step in any remodeling or building project. This procedure guarantees good plaster adhesion and produces a glossy, long-lasting finish. Ignoring or hurrying through this step can cause issues later on, such as uneven surfaces, poor insulation, or cracks.

Cleaning the surface is the first step in preparing the wall. Eliminating all debris is crucial because it can hinder the plaster’s ability to adhere. These materials include dust, dirt, and old paint. This occasionally entails removing all previous paint or wallpaper layers. Sandpaper or a wire brush can be used to help create a rough texture that will improve plaster grip.

It’s crucial to inspect the wall for damage after that. It is necessary to fix any holes, cracks, or loose sections before applying plaster. To guarantee a smooth surface, fill in any gaps with an appropriate filler and sand the area down after it has dried. If the wall is particularly damaged, you might need to reinforce it with mesh or netting for added stability.

It’s a good idea to apply a primer or bonding agent after the wall has been cleaned and repaired. This process improves the plaster’s adherence to the wall, guaranteeing a solid bond. Make sure the primer you select works with the kind of plaster you intend to use.

You can ensure a high-quality, long-lasting finish by carefully prepping the walls before plastering. By taking the time to complete this task correctly, you’ll ensure that your walls look fantastic for many years to come and save yourself time and effort in the future.

Foundation requirements

1. Any surface that is to be plastered must be leveled. It must be strong and solid. There should be no peeling or defects on it. All defects must be plastered with a base compound from the building mixture.
2. There should be no frostbite. It is advisable to carry out work at a constant temperature with optimal humidity. The recommended temperature for work and for the material hardening process is from 5 to 30 degrees Celsius.
3. Humidity should be low. While the composition is hardening, there should be no drafts in the room; it is best to dry the air to a certain temperature in advance.
4. All surface dust must be removed, and broken elements must be sealed with completely dried building mixture.
5. It is necessary to prime the surface several times before plastering, depending on the degree of initial adhesion.

Because of their small inclusions, rough walls accept the plaster solution well and don’t require additional processing, so they require less primer.

Stages of preparatory work

There are five steps in plastering walls, and completing them all is necessary for the technology to be used correctly moving forward:

1. All construction and installation work must be completed. This applies to the stage of erecting wall structures, finishing pouring the floor, installing wiring, installing window frames, installing built-in furniture.
2. The floor and ceiling where they meet the wall are sealed with adhesive tape. The floor is covered with film.
3. The walls must be cleaned of old coating: plaster, wallpaper, paint or putty must be removed. All fasteners in the form of hangers, hooks, nails must also be removed.
4. The wall surface is being repaired and strengthened. Defects in the form of chips and cracks are removed and deliberately deepened with a hammer drill for subsequent repair. Oil stains, soot, carbon deposits, and other contaminants are cleaned off.
5. Ensures adhesion between the base and the future material. Priming is carried out in one layer or in several depending on the wall material.

Necessary tool

The master needs a set of work tools depending on the surface type (wood, aerated concrete, brick, or concrete).

1. You will need a portable ladder or platform that is convenient to climb onto to process high sections of the wall.
2. The old coating is removed by tapping with a hammer. A chisel, brushes, and a set of spatulas may be useful. With these tools you can remove all layers of the old coating down to the very base.
3. In hard-to-reach places, use a hammer drill with attachments. Remains of plaster are removed with a wire brush.

An electric drill or grinder is a useful tool. There will be a lot of trash when using these tools, so be sure to prepare bags for it.

In order to achieve a smooth, durable finish, the surface must be properly prepared before plastering a wall. In order to improve plaster adhesion, this process involves priming the wall, filling any holes or cracks, and cleaning the wall to remove dust and debris. A successful plastering job depends on proper wall preparation, which also guarantees that the final coat will look professional and last for a long time.

How to prepare different bases?

Concrete

Concrete old coating removal is facilitated by the use of an electric drill bit attachment. The surface is examined for chips, cracks, and damage to the masonry joints after the old plaster has been removed.

If so, a gypsum mixture solution needs to be used to seal them. Spread the soil mortar in one or two layers. However, there are two things you must do first:

1. Using a hammer or chisel, notches are made on the wall to a depth of about 5 mm. Their length should be 5–10 cm.
2. Apply a layer of primer with a brush or roller.
3. The procedure is repeated if necessary. Additional priming, as a rule, concrete structures require reinforced. After the first layer of primer has dried, apply another layer. If necessary, apply a third layer.

Several significant functions are carried out by the slow application of primer to the holes created. First of all, there is an abundance of moisture on the wall that keeps extra liquid from seeping through the plaster layer. Second, priming creates a thin layer of adhesive on the surface that helps cement concrete to plaster.

The putty sticks to a concrete base extremely well. It is unlikely that layers of plaster will peel off, even if you don’t prime it. However, this favorable result is probably limited to new surfaces, like those in recently constructed buildings.

Brick

Brickwork is examined for any loose components. After being taken out and dust-free, they are reinstalled on cement mortar. Large flaws must be strengthened with self-tapping screws, small cracks must be widened, and cement milk (one part cement to one part water) must be applied.

Prior to getting ready for this procedure, priming is done. The bricks are first given notches, and then the masonry joints are made one centimeter deeper. After that, you can apply a primer to the brickwork that has a deep penetrating effect.

Although experts advise priming in at least one layer, they assert that priming is not required for a brick base. Brickwork should be painted with compositions that can conceal any flaws in the foundation. For such a base, use putty to accomplish this.

You can mix different kinds of mixtures together. For instance, apply a cement-based primer beneath the base layer to create a sturdy foundation, and use decorative putty with any desired additions (color, glitter, etc.) beneath the top coat.

Aerated concrete

The process of preparation is the same as for other materials. The purpose of the distinction is to guarantee plaster adhesion to the aerated concrete surface. Here, it’s crucial to remember the following:

1. Small recesses can be cut. This will allow the solution to adhere well without a penetrating soil layer.
2. Treatment with a penetrating primer. In this case, a fiberglass mesh is fixed to the wall with glue.

If the base’s composition is heterogeneous, i.e., consists of brick-aerated concrete, concrete-brick combinations, etc., the plaster mesh beneath the plaster must be nailed to the wood.

Dowels with self-tapping screws are used to complete the process whether it is made of stone, brick, or concrete. Metal welding is necessary for metal structures. The most compliant material is aerated concrete because putty sticks to its rough surface.

However, you must first select an ornament. The quality of the drawing that will be shown determines the mixture’s composition. Volumetric ornaments are more easily lost in watery solutions, but it’s as simple as shelling pears to create a basic design for them.

Wooden

Since plaster does not stick to wood, this kind of base needs to be prepared carefully:

1. The surface is covered with wooden shingles, plastic mesh or a reed mat. The most ancient method of plastering plank surfaces is wooden shingles. These are slats about 1–2 m in length, which are placed on the wall at an angle of 45 degrees with a slatting pitch of 5 mm. First nail the bottom and then the top.
2. Beacons are being installed. Self-tapping screws are screwed at an angle into the dowels. Using a plumb line, they are leveled into one plane, and a string is stretched diagonally between them. If the wall protrudes beyond the rope or the distance is less than 5 mm, the screws are unscrewed. If the distance is more than 5 mm, then the screws are embedded directly into the base.

Multiple coats of primer are necessary for wood flooring. Due to its high absorption rate, you may need to apply the primer more than once or even twice.

Wait a while between layers to ensure the wall fully absorbs the solution. The subsequent layer that needs to be applied will need to be thinner the slower the absorption.

General rules

The walls must be perfectly leveled to make them flawless and smooth before filling. Which base material is processed makes no difference. To get a good outcome, it might be necessary to apply a preliminary layer of putty in any case.

A laser level and other measuring tools are used to verify evenness. Sandpaper is used to scrape off any extra layers that protrude. You must ascertain the mixture’s quality and composition prior to puttying. Typically, the task is completed in two phases:

1. Working with starting materials. Putties with a layer thickness of 0.5 cm are suitable, more is possible. These mixtures have a coarse fraction, so these are suitable materials when working with large areas. Coarse-grained mixtures harden quickly without spreading over the base.
2. Working with finishing materials. In this case, it is better to use putties with a layer thickness of 0.5–4 mm. In this version of the work, soil may be required, which will serve as a polymer waterproofing agent that penetrates deep into the pores. The soil is also useful for impregnating the base, strengthening it, increasing adhesion and strength.

Allowing the primer to dry after application is necessary. The coating’s drying strength can be manually examined. The base is prepared for additional work if there are no signs of dust on it.

Plastering walls requires careful preparation in order to produce a smooth, long-lasting finish. Ignoring or hurrying through these steps can cause problems later on, like adhesion problems or cracks. You can guarantee that the plaster adheres well and has a professional appearance by using a methodical approach.

First, give the wall’s surface a good cleaning. Eliminate any leftover paint, grease, dust, or dirt. This is a crucial step because impurities can make it difficult for the plaster to adhere properly. To remove tenacious debris, use sandpaper, a wire brush, or a scraper.

Next, patch up any holes or cracks. After adding a suitable filler, fill them up and allow to dry completely. To level the area with the rest of the wall, sand it. As a result, the plastering process is more efficient and produces a uniform surface.

Another crucial step is applying a primer or bonding agent. These products, particularly on smooth or non-porous surfaces, improve the plaster’s adhesion to the wall. For optimal results, adhere to the manufacturer’s instructions, making sure to evenly coat the entire wall.

Lastly, before plastering, make sure the wall is slightly damp. By doing this, you can lessen the chance of cracks from the plaster drying too quickly. Apply a fine mist of water to the wall with a spray bottle. Your wall is now prepared for plastering, and you can move forward with confidence because the surface is ready for a durable finish.

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