Which blocks are suitable for interior partitions, how to make internal walls with your own hands?

Your living or work space’s comfort and functionality can be greatly affected by the blocks you choose for interior partitions. Important considerations when choosing the right blocks include strength, ease of installation, and sound insulation.

Aerated concrete blocks, lightweight concrete blocks, and gypsum blocks are frequently utilized materials for interior walls. Gypsum blocks are perfect for do-it-yourself projects because they are lightweight and manageable. Although they have good sound-insulating qualities, they might need more finishing to give the surface a smooth finish.

Another well-liked option are aerated concrete blocks, which are well-known for their ability to insulate against heat. They are robust and lightweight, offering fire resistance as well as soundproofing. Because aerated concrete blocks are simple to shape and cut, they can be used to customize the layout of partitions.

Although lightweight concrete blocks are relatively simple to work with, they provide exceptional structural strength. They are appropriate for both residential and commercial interiors because of their strong thermal insulation and soundproofing capabilities.

When building interior walls on your own, careful layout planning is crucial. Measure and mark the locations of the walls in accordance with your floor plan to start. Make sure the floor and foundation are strong enough to support the wall structure.

Next, use the appropriate tools to cut the blocks to the desired sizes. To preserve the blocks’ structural integrity, cut and handle them in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions. Use mortar made especially for the kind of blocks you’ve selected to ensure a sturdy and secure wall structure.

Place mortar between the layers of blocks to assemble the walls. To make sure every layer is plumb and level, use a spirit level. Before beginning any additional building or finishing work, give the mortar enough time to cure and set.

You can build sturdy, useful interior walls that improve the appearance and practicality of your area by selecting the appropriate blocks and using the right installation methods.

Material Advantages
1. Drywall Easy to install, can be easily shaped and decorated.
2. Glass Blocks Allows natural light transmission, aesthetically pleasing.
3. Lightweight Concrete Blocks Durable, provide good sound insulation.
4. Wooden Studs and Panels Flexible, eco-friendly option.
5. Metal Studs with Plasterboard Strong, fire-resistant.

Requirements for internal wall structures

Building wall blocks should be used to construct masonry wall partitions (SB). The allowed load of the interfloor slabs must be considered when selecting the materials from which they are made. If these are reinforced concrete slabs, the density should be between 500 and 800 kgf/m^2 to ensure that the partition does not exceed the allowable loads when combined with the floor screed.

Ensuring the partition’s dependability for the duration of the house is the next crucial requirement.

Different block materials have different solutions for this problem. For foam concrete products, reinforcement D = 8mm is added to every second row.

They are positioned in grooves and vertically reinforced with steel plates that have been galvanized in no more than 120-cm increments.

It’s possible that porous block partitions aren’t reinforced. Nonetheless, a lot of developers continue to reinforce it vertically. Such a structure is fastened to the surrounding walls and ceiling using steel brackets, plates, or reinforcement pins that have a pitch of up to 500 mm and a thickness of more than 2 mm.

The sound insulation characteristic of SB is a parameter that holds equal significance. In order to protect adjacent rooms from noisy residents, SNiP establishes a minimum noise index of Rw – 43 dB for residential premises. The initial components and production technology are the determining factors for this block indicator.

An indicator of 44 dB is present in a 200 mm thick block of foam. You can use the product certificate to familiarize yourself with Rw. Choosing wall materials with high levels of noise insulation is a goal for buyers.

Next, consider the density when selecting SB for partitions; it should be 400 kg/m 3 or higher. Durability class D300–D400. Frost resistance for partitions is only significant when building unheated spaces; in that case, the indicator should fall between 50 and 100. The foundation and structural integrity of a house are impacted by the weight of its wall components. The permitted weight range for these products is 9–18 kg per block.

Crucial! There are limitations on the size of the stone for this kind of wall. Generally, partitions use SB with length dimensions up to 62. 5 cm, 50 cm in width, and 7.5–12 cm in thickness.

What stones are used and their prices

When buying an SB, the developer needs to be mindful that the product’s exterior should be smooth. The product’s interior can be either hollow or monolithic. It is acceptable to install masonry stones with up to 40% voids for partitions.

They make installation very convenient. These partitions not only simplify the design process and lower completion costs, but they also make installing utility networks simple. Aerated concrete, slag, foam concrete, expanded clay, ceramic products, and polystyrene concrete are the primary materials used to make partition blocks.

Aerated concrete

A common porous building material made of cement and carbon black combined. An active gas is released as a result of the components interacting in the solution, creating cells in the concrete. The partition materials have exceptional heat-shielding properties thanks to this porous structure. This explains why the material is so well-liked by developers. These wall masonry products are simple to saw and drill.

Take note! The blocks’ increased brittleness, which causes problems for construction and transportation, and their increased hygroscopicity, which will eventually necessitate the development of special moisture protection from steam and water, are among their drawbacks.

The most common aerated concrete partition blocks, along with their dimensions and cost:

  • BONOLIT D300-D600, 125x250x600 — 3500 rub./m 3 .
  • EL-BLOCK D400-D500, 125x250x600 — 3250 rub./m 3 .
  • ECO D500, 125x250x600 — 2800 rub./m 3 .
  • YUTONG D500, 100x250x600 — 4150 rub./m 3 .

Further information regarding the gas blocks required for partitions can be found here.

Foam concrete

Refers to wall materials that are strong, lightweight, and have good heat-insulating qualities. They are resistant to rotting and mold growth on the walls, do not retain moisture, and do not obstruct airflow. In addition to being simple to install and handle, foam concrete is an environmentally friendly material.

One major disadvantage of these products is that they shrink at high moisture content, about 3 mm per meter of wall structure. Strict adherence to technology and thoughtful selection of a high-quality material manufacturer are the only ways to prevent this.

  • EL-Block D500,100x250x600 — 3150 rub./m 3 .
  • Bonolit D500, 100x250x600 — 3500 rub./m 3 .
  • GRAS D500, 75x250x600 — 3700 rub./m 3 .

This section contains more information about foam concrete blocks.

Cinder concrete

Slag concrete wall blocks are a common feature of low-cost building. This can be explained by the fact that they contain fillers made from leftover energy and metallurgical waste.

As a result, wall products are resistant to high and low temperatures, have a long service life, a low thermal conductivity coefficient, and are highly fire resistant.

In order to ensure sanitary and environmental safety, the developer must carefully review the quality certificate before selecting cinder blocks for partitions. Residents’ health shouldn’t be harmed by them because they are installed indoors.

Price, dimensions, and partition cinder blocks:

  • BlokProm company D600, 100x300x600 — 3350 rub./m 3 .
  • Pyatigorsk plant for vibrocompression of concrete products D600, 120x200x400 — 2083 rub./m 3 .
  • “Cubi Block” D600, 100x250x625 — 3300 rub./m 3 .

This article provides a more thorough explanation of partition cinder blocks.

Expanded clay concrete

Expanded clay concrete interior blocks have expanded clay as an additional filler in addition to concrete with sand. Vibration pressing is used to produce SB, which compresses the component particles in the working volume to the greatest extent possible before further treating them with steam.

Even for hollow structures, these blocks have a high heat resistance as one of their benefits. Because of the material’s exceptional water resistance, condensation cannot form inside of it, extending the house’s operational life.

It is advised to install these wall products indoors because they offer superior sound absorption combined with environmental friendliness.

Price, dimensions, and partition expanded clay concrete blocks:

  • Cheboksary construction plant D500, 120x188x390 — 3977 rub./m 3 .
  • Vinzilinsky ceramic gravel plant D400, 70x250x500 — 3771 rub./m 3 .
  • TPA Unite Moscow region D400, 90x188x390 — 3344 rub./m 3 .

Read more about expanded clay blocks used in partitions here.

Ceramic

Sawdust is mixed with red clay to create this building material, which is used to construct partitions. Afterwards, the unfired blanks are burned, causing the sawdust to burn and the clay to become well-hardened, resulting in a block that resembles real stone.

Ceramic blocks are low-emissivity and offer good thermal protection. Because partitions cannot support the high weight of the load-bearing block, partition products are designed to have up to 50% of their volume hollowed out. These ceramic blocks are safe for the environment, fireproof, and do not endanger occupants’ health.

  • Gzhel M125, 80x219x510 — 5440 rub./m 3 .
  • Porotherm 8 М100, 80x219x510 — 6468 rub./m 3 .
  • LSR M150, 80x219x510 — 5347 rub./m 3 .

In this section, learn more about ceramic blocks.

Polystyrene concrete

Foamed polystyrene granules are added to conventional cement and sand fillers to create lightweight, environmentally friendly polystyrene concrete. The material gains energy-efficient qualities from the final filler. During the production process, the hypervibrocompression method is employed to guarantee the product’s maximum strength.

This enables you to produce polystyrene concrete partition products that are resilient to high humidity, temperature fluctuations, heat, and fire. The most environmentally safe and frost-resistant material available.

Cost and dimensions of polystyrene concrete for partitions:

  • “Stroydom” Ekaterinburg D600, 80x300x600 — 4930 rub./m 3 .
  • “Plastblock” D500, 80x300x588 — 5031 rub./m 3 .
  • "Profi-Stroy", g. Sochi, D300, 100x300x600 — 4810 rub./m 3 .

You can learn more about polystyrene concrete blocks from this section.

Which ones are best for masonry??

As a matter of fact, universal building materials for partitions are not produced by modern industry. When making a decision, the developer needs to consider both the residential construction type—private or apartments within a multi-story building—and the functional purpose of the property.

He must also consider the unique needs for the premises at the same time.

  • in the kitchen and bathroom, partitions are made moisture resistant;
  • partition walls that are placed on the upper floors are made lightweight so as not to form high loads on the floor structures;
  • partitions are chosen such that it is possible to lay utility networks;
  • in rest rooms, walls with high heat-insulating and sound-proof characteristics should be erected.

For private houses

The majority of buildings made of foam blocks, ceramics, or aerated concrete use partition blocks. These walls range in thickness from 9 to 20 cm.

Blocks with the following qualities are preferred when building partitions in private homes:

  • aerated concrete D500, 100x250x600;
  • foam concrete D500, 75x250x600;
  • ceramic M125, 80x219x510;
  • expanded clay concrete D400, 70x250x500.

D400 and D500 blocks work well enough for interior partitions in individual housing stocks in terms of strength. The developer shouldn’t have to pay extra for strength in this instance. However, for the bathroom, sturdy foam concrete blocks are preferable because tiles will eventually need to be adhered to them.

In the event that furniture and equipment must be placed on these partitions in the future, special dowels with a larger spacer part than typical ones are used.

For apartments

Stronger blocks with smooth surfaces are used to install partitions in apartments of multi-story buildings in order to lower labor costs for plastering. For such objects, experts recommend using gas blocks and foam blocks with a minimum thickness of 100 mm. Ensuring fire resistance and noise protection of at least 43 dB is the reason for this requirement.

Ideal block attributes for residential units:

  • aerated concrete D500, 125x250x600;
  • foam concrete D500, 100x250x600;
  • ceramic M125, 125x219x510;
  • expanded clay concrete D500, 125x188x390.

Blocks for partitions have a much lower specific weight than brick, but because of their lower strength, they are more susceptible to the processes that cause new buildings to sink. Cracks in the walls and finishing layers of a multi-story building can develop from even small deformations of the structure’s frame.

Crucial! When selecting low-strength blocks, the developer needs to confirm that the house’s ongoing shrinkage processes are already finished.

Materials, consumables and tools for construction

No sophisticated tools are needed to construct partitions out of blocks. Usually, this includes an electric hammer, an electric trowel, an electric grinder, and a hacksaw if the blocks are made of foam and aerated concrete. You’ll need anchor bolts and pins for fastening.

The blocks can also be laid on a cement-sand mortar. In this scenario, the seam joints are strong and thin and are made possible by the use of special adhesive compositions on a cement or polymer base.

We examine the best kinds of blocks to use when building interior partitions in this guide, along with detailed instructions for building them yourself. Understanding the characteristics of blocks like gypsum, aerated concrete, or lightweight concrete can help you choose the right material, whether you’re looking to divide a room for privacy or functionality. We’ll go over the necessary equipment, methods, and factors to make sure your do-it-yourself interior walls are strong, soundproof, and fit the functional and aesthetic requirements of your house.

Installation technology

They perform preparatory work before beginning the partition-erecting process. Create a wall plan that satisfies the required constructive constraints.

The plan specifies the volume of wall material that is required. Determine the area for which the partition’s height and length are altered.

The doorway’s area is removed from the final outcome. The entire area is divided into an area of one stone to determine the number of blocks. Using a stock coefficient of equal -1,10, the outcome is obtained.

The algorithm used to build walls from SB

  1. On the wall of the attachment of the partition, using the construction level, applies a vertical feature of the location of the blocks.
  2. Clean this place from all finishing layers to wall stone in width by 150 mm, symmetrically lines.
  3. Clean the floor of the floor from the coatings in the area of ​​the blocks and treated with adhesive primer.
  4. Mark the floor by drawing a straight line of the future wall on it, and if necessary, mark the doorway on it.
  5. In the area where the partition being built joins the load-bearing wall, 2 starting SBs are installed on the solution.
  6. Stretch the twine between them.
  7. Along this cord, lay out all the other stones of the first row.
  8. A layer of masonry material with a layer thickness of 2 cm is laid out on the working area of ​​the floor.
  9. When the 1st row of the wall approaches the door location, the material is cut to the required size using a grinder.
  10. After laying the 1st row, lay the second and next rows. The method of constructing the second row is similar to the first row, only they start the row not with a full stone, but with half, thereby ensuring a checkerboard pattern, which makes the wall more durable.
  11. In the door area, every 2 rows check the vertical level or plumb line so that the opening is not narrowed.
  12. A metal jumper with reinforcement is made over it.
  13. Next, continue laying the blocks above the doorway.
  14. When the wall reaches the ceiling, the finishing stones are cut to achieve the desired height.
  15. In order to increase the strength of the structure, each 4th row of masonry is reinforced with a steel wire D = 8 mm, or fiberglass rods.
  16. In the areas of the connection of the partition with a load-bearing wall, on each 4th row, the holes are made with a perforator into which the iron pins are clogged or anchor bolts are mounted, connecting the reinforcement laid in the wall.

Difficulties and errors in the device

Despite the seeming ease of creating partitions with contemporary light-sector software, developers—particularly those with insufficient experience—manage to commit grave errors.

Typical mistakes made when installing partitions:

  1. Restoad moved away from the carrier wall. The connection of its reinforcing layer with anchors in the bearing wall has not been compiled.
  2. Disadvantage or extra pantry. The correct calculation of the volume of building materials has not been completed or the stock coefficient is not accepted when calculating.
  3. Uneven wall. The surface of the load-bearing wall and floor in the masonry area was not pre-leveled.
  4. Emergency wall. The checkerboard pattern of ligating the blocks was broken, the reinforcement of the openings and every 4th row of masonry was not completed.

Selecting the proper blocks for interior partitions is essential to guaranteeing your home’s functionality, durability, and beauty. Lightweight and manageable materials such as lightweight concrete blocks or gypsum blocks are the best choices. These materials allow for simpler installation without sacrificing structural integrity, making them easier to work with for do-it-yourself projects.

Measure and plan the space carefully before beginning to build the interior walls. Before starting, make sure the floor and foundation are solid and level. Precision in construction is maintained by using the right instruments and supplies, such as mortar for bonding blocks and a spirit level for alignment.

Adaptability is essential for interior partitions. Aerated concrete and gypsum blocks, for example, provide fire resistance and sound insulation, improving privacy and security between rooms. Their ability to retain comfortable temperatures throughout the house is another way that their thermal qualities support energy efficiency.

Whether used to divide larger spaces or create separate rooms, DIY internal walls offer design flexibility for homes. Homeowners can achieve professionally finished partitions that improve both functionality and aesthetic appeal in their living spaces by adhering to the correct guidelines and safety precautions.

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Fedor Pavlov

Interior designer, author of books on residential design. I will help you make your home not only functional, but also beautiful.

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