How to repair a screwdriver with your own hands

Whether you’re a novice do-it-yourselfer or an experienced one, owning a trustworthy screwdriver is crucial. However, screwdrivers eventually wear out or break just like any other tool. You might be surprised at how easy it is to fix a screwdriver yourself rather than running to the store to buy a new one.

We’ll walk you through the fundamental procedures in this guide to diagnose and resolve common screwdriver problems. You’ll discover how to revive your handy tool, from fixing a worn-out motor to dealing with a dead battery. By doing this, you can prolong the life of your tools and save money on DIY projects that are more sustainable.

To carry out these repairs, you don’t need to be an expert. Most screwdriver problems can be solved with a few simple tools and some perseverance. To make sure you are comfortable with your ability to repair, we will give you clear instructions and practical advice. Let’s get to work restoring your trusty screwdriver to its original state!

Step	Description
1. Diagnosis	Identify the problem by checking if the battery is charged, the motor runs, and there are no loose connections.
2. Battery Check	If the screwdriver doesn"t turn on, test the battery with a multimeter or replace it with a new one.
3. Motor Issues	Inspect the motor for wear and tear, and clean or replace it if necessary.
4. Switch Problems	If the motor and battery are fine, check the switch mechanism and replace it if it"s faulty.
5. Gearbox	Open the gearbox, clean the gears, and lubricate them. Replace any damaged gears.
6. Reassembly	Carefully reassemble the screwdriver, ensuring all components are securely in place.
7. Testing	Test the screwdriver to ensure it operates correctly after the repairs.

Operating principle and main components

It is necessary to ascertain the components of a screwdriver (such as a Bosch) and comprehend the basic working principle of the tool before beginning to disassemble it. Unlike other electric tools, this one uses a unique mechanism to halt rotation. When the unit reaches its maximum resistance, this process takes place.

The purpose of all parts and components of the tool – what they are called

Screwdrivers, such as Elitech, can be classified into multiple types based on how they operate.

• from the network;
• from battery.

Regarding torque transmission, they all function according to the same principle.

There are multiple primary components of a screwdriver:

• Electrical engine.
• Button to start the device.
• Speed ​​controller with reverse mode.
• Chuck.
• Electronic control unit.
• Gearbox.

Through a unique gearbox, the spindle is rotated by the electric motor. A clutch is used to change the torque, and the spindle has a chuck. It has different "bits" in it. An electronic circuit controls the screwdriver (like the Metabo model, for example).

Because the power polarity is reversed, reverse mode functions. As a motor, continuous current apparatus is employed. It is intended to be powered by an AC outlet. The field winding is split into two sections: before and after the armature, and it is connected in series with the armature winding.

Use a pulse circuit, which is built using a microcircuit with pulse width modulation (PWM), to change the speed.

The Bosch screwdriver clutch, for instance, functions like a standard ratchet. The regulator activates when the load gets too high. The ring gear comes off the balls when the spring weakens and releases it. The machinery starts to stall.

You can use the information if you have any questions regarding screwdriver repair. particularly if you have to completely disassemble and reassemble it.

Malfunctions that occur with a screwdriver

The most typical issues that users run into are:

• The device (for example, Zubr) does not turn on. Reasons: cable or plug, charge level, motor winding burnout, faulty start button.
• Sparks when working. Causes: motor commutator or armature, faulty brushes.
• Battery drains quickly. Causes: Expiration of service life, improper charging.
• The unit turns on by itself. Reason: faulty start button.
• The brake doesn"t work. Reasons: start button or transistors.
• There is play in the cartridge. Cause: bent gear shaft.
• Can"t hear the rattle. Reasons: the blades of the locking mechanism are worn off, the springs or the ratchet pin are broken.
• The cartridge is spinning. Reason: the gearbox is faulty, the gear will have to be replaced.
• Chuck jamming. Cause: Worn clamping jaws that were not sufficiently lubricated.

Only after the device has been disassembled can the aforementioned issues be resolved. Replacing a plug or wire is an exception. Usually, the information given is sufficient to determine how to fix a screwdriver. It is preferable to get in touch with a service center or specialists if you don’t know enough about this subject.

For informational purposes only! Not even the most well-known European manufacturers can promise constant, trouble-free operation. Any screwdriver may jam, in which case it will need to be fixed.

Disassembling a screwdriver

How are Whirlwind screwdrivers (or their equivalents) disassembled? It is imperative that you follow these guidelines:

1. Disconnect the battery pack from the device body.
2. Unscrew the fasteners that hold the two pieces of plastic.
3. Remove the top cover and remove the contents.
4. Disconnect the start button.
5. Remove the speed switch.
6. Disconnect the motor from the gearbox, chuck and coupling by unscrewing the screws (4 pieces).

You must unscrew the mechanism’s internal screw in order to remove the cartridge. You will need to release your fists. Turn the screw counterclockwise (the thread is on the left). The gearbox must then be turned to the left in order to be disconnected from the cartridge.

You must follow these steps backwards if someone asks you how to assemble a screwdriver.

Finding the cause of the breakdown and eliminating it

Experts distinguish between damage to mechanical and electrical components when describing screwdriver breakdowns (e.g., Professional brand). Every kind has unique qualities.

Electrical damage

The inability to switch modes, adjust speed, or turn on the device causes difficulties. The following are some issues that craftsmen deal with:

• If the battery works, but when connected to a multimeter, the voltage at the terminals decreases, then the motor components are faulty. If the voltage is correct, you need to check the button (ring). If there is no squeak, then the button needs to be disassembled and the contacts cleaned.
• The reverse is also checked with a multimeter (one probe to the button, the second to the contact of the engine). If there is no resistance when starting, then you need to look at the wiring.
• The motor brushes are inspected; damage should not be more than 60%.
• Sparks appear due to wear on the brushes or tight commutator operation (needs cleaning).

These are the primary issues that provide information on how to fix a Windsor screwdriver (or other comparable tools).

Mechanical problems

• The device is unusually noisy or sticks – the bushing or bearings need to be replaced. The shaft may have bent.
• Weak tightening – the coupling is worn out, the teeth are ground down.
• Extraneous noise also occurs if a magnet in the motor has come off or the armature bushings are worn (you can add engine oil to try to fix the problem).

Crucial! It is likely that you will need to purchase new parts to replace any worn ones if mechanical issues occur.

You can easily and affordably repair a screwdriver yourself if you know what to look for. Frequently, simple problems like a dead battery, worn-out brushes, or a malfunctioning switch can be resolved with simple tools and a little knowledge. This tutorial will help you find replacement parts, diagnose issues, and safely complete repairs so you can get your screwdriver back in working order without having to buy a new one.

How to repair

Once the malfunction’s cause has been identified, you must know precisely how to fix it. You only need to read the following details to be able to fix a screwdriver by yourself.

Charging block

The charging unit malfunctions because the wire is constantly out of alignment. There is a pause. Soldering the wires and replacing the insulation are essential.

Battery

Typically, nickel-cadmium batteries—which require charging only after being fully depleted—are used in screwdrivers. Their service life is reducing and they cannot be recharged.

The problem can be solved (though not always successfully) by fully discharging and charging, ideally at a low current. To eliminate the so-called memory effect, this procedure needs to be performed about five times (incorrect charge).

Problems with the button

This unit’s contacts oxidize frequently and require cleaning.

1. Remove the red push mechanism with a twisting motion.
2. Remove the cover by pushing out the latches with a small knife.
3. Using a soldering iron, disconnect the two metal elements on the side.
4. Remove the cover.
5. Holding the spring, remove the mechanism from the housing.

Alcohol-soaked cotton wool is required to clean worn or oxidized components. In the event that the dirt cannot be eliminated, you must rub it with a knife.

Electric motor

The tool’s most costly component is this one. The wear on the brushes is usually the first cause of issues. They ought to be replaced because they are beyond repair. If the winding is found to be broken, the anchor is replaced.

Replacing the brushes

You will need to remove the "antennae" on the end portion of the engine in order to disassemble it in order to access the unit.

After that, follow this plan:

• Hit the shaft with a hammer to knock the rotor out of the housing.
• Now the cover can be easily removed.
• Next, you need to take out the remaining parts.

The commutators are tainted with brush residue if they are black. Sparks and a loss of power result from this. A tiny needle should be used to clean the grooves on the collector after wiping it down with cotton wool soaked in alcohol.

It is not possible to restore the brushes themselves; you will need to buy and install new ones.

Gearbox

The mechanism’s gears are to blame if noises other than those intended for the gearbox are detected. The gearbox must be disassembled in order to install a small bolt that has been ground down to the proper size in the areas where the teeth are worn out. The locations where the bolt needs to be installed need to be clearly marked.

To install the bolts in the designated areas, you must drill holes in them. You must relubricate the gearbox after they are installed.

Keyless chuck

Breaking down the keyless chuck:

• Place a piece of wood under it and hit the protruding part in the center with a hammer.
• Place the bolt in the jaws and hit it with a hammer.
• Remove the internal part of the device from the housing.

The two-halves nut is now visible. This is typically the root of all the issues. The thread is probably worn out. Should a comparable item not be accessible, the complete cartridge will need to be purchased. As of 2021, it costs about 300 rubles.

What faults cannot be repaired?

Repairing inexpensive, small components of the device is inappropriate. After a malfunction, it is recommended to buy new components and install them on the device (such as the Interskol model). This pertains to the power button, cases where the gearbox shaft is bent, or armature winding breaks.

If the cartridge is damaged, fixing the device is not advised. All of this is a waste of time.

Take note! If you have the necessary skills, you can fix the device yourself if the power supply malfunctions, but it is generally wiser to get a new charger.

You can save time and money by doing your own screwdriver repairs, which can be a satisfying experience. You can tackle many repairs with confidence if you know the basic parts and common problems that can occur. Many issues can be resolved with a few common tools and some perseverance, whether it’s a simple loose connection, a broken motor, or an old, worn-out battery.

It’s critical to give the problem a thorough diagnosis. This frequently entails taking the screwdriver apart and examining each component for wear or damage. The tool can be made to work again by cleaning the parts and replacing any broken ones. To prevent harm, always remember to take safety precautions like unplugging the device and using the proper tools.

This guide will help you maintain the longevity and proper operation of your screwdriver by providing step-by-step instructions. Additionally, preventive maintenance can stop future issues, such as cleaning and lubricating moving parts. Maintaining your tools guarantees that they are prepared for any task when you need them, in addition to improving their performance.

Ultimately, fixing your own screwdriver not only saves you money but also makes you feel good about yourself. It enables you to perform small repairs by yourself and demystifies the inner workings of your tools. You can maintain your screwdriver in excellent condition and ensure that it is always ready for use with a little effort and basic knowledge.

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